Scientific Experiments Have Done More Harm than Good towards Human and Environment

Group Members

Dzul Hadzwan, Husni, Rahim & Rudy

 

Scientific experiments always come with the new innovation that contributes new discovery or technology advancement. There are many scientific experiments which have been done by the scientists. These experiments contributed the harm effects are in term of creation of weapons, pollutions and hackers and the good effects are in term of health care and agriculture.

The most harm affected of scientific discoveries is

Pollution

Prepared by: Jacqueline, Chui Ping & Rudsdiey (August, 25, 2009)

Pollution has been a major issue to human being since the early 1920's and it has worsened after the World War II which brought many industrial waste byproducts into the environment.
Pollution is referred to as "the presence in the environment of substances or contaminants that substantially alter or impair the usefulness of the environment" (Environmental Management Act of British Columbia, 2003). These substances or contaminants give rise to contamination of 3 main elements of life – water, air, soil and noise pollutions.

Among the different types of pollution, water pollution is the most obvious pollution as water is essential for life. "Water is considered to be polluted when it contains enough foreign material to render it unfit for a specific beneficial use, such as

EXCHANGE RATE AND BALANCE OF PAYMENT IN MALAYSIA DURING THE PERIOD OF 1980 TO 2007

Exchange Rate and Balance of Payment in Malaysia



Table 1: Exchange Rate and Balance of Payment in Malaysia during 1980 to 2007

Year	Exchange rate (RM)	RM (million)
1980	2.2175	1,002
1981	2.2433	-1,093
1982	2.3185	-614
1983	2.3387	-55
1984	2.4263	312
1985	2.4135	3,209
1986	2.6015	4,345
1987	2.4915	2,893
1988	2.7125	-1,104
1989	2.6990	3,332
1990	2.6980	5,365
1991	2.7235	3,427
1992	2.6065	16,744
1993	2.7010	29,239
1994	2.5578	-8,262
1995	2.5405	-4,403
1996	2.5279	6,245
1997	3.8883	-10,892
1998	3.8000	40,301
1999	3.8000	17,819
2000	3.8000	-8,176
2001	3.8000	4,518
2002	3.8000	14,595
2003	3.8000	39,781
2004	3.8000	83,728
2005	3.7800	13,550
2006	3.5315	25,157
2007	3.4545	45,296

Source: Department Statistic, Malaysia, 2009









Figure 1: Exchange Rate of Malaysian Ringgit during 1980 to 2007



Source: Department of Statistic, Malaysia, 2009



Figure 2: Balance of payment in Malaysia during 1980 to 2007



Source: Department of Statistic, Malaysia, 2009

During the period of 1980s, Malaysian currency value start from 2.2175 in 1980.

Fundamental of Economic Liberalization

Economic liberalization can be defined as the legal right to involved in economic activity either at neither domestic nor foreign country to guarantee public interests at large investment which need a freedom conditional on institutional and policy constraints (Ognivtsev, 2005). Woodward (1992) stated that economic liberalization can be described as government policies that help to develop free trade and deregulation. Those government policies are including to privatization of public services and the reduction or elimination of subsidies, price controls and rationing systems.

One of the issues of economic liberalization is

The Science & Technology Policy

Introduction

The Science and Technology Policy is the sixth of the nine challenges from Vision 2020 emphasized the objective that is to create a scientific oriented and a progressive Malaysian society. Science and technology could aid development in our current economy. The demand for science and technology is irrefutable, as we need new technology to increase our productivity and to maximize the efficiency of our industry and agriculture sectors. In recent year, efforts and initiative of The Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation (MOSTI) continue to focus on strengthening S&T capability and capacity to support productivity and improve competitiveness. In this regards, various activity and program have been identify to increase the diffusion and application of technology, promote commercialization of research and expand S&T human resource of the country.

Objective

Thus on April 1986, the Science and Technology policy is

Look East Policy

Introduction

The look East Policy is announced by Tun Dr. Mahathir Mohamad since 08 February 1982 during conference “5th Joint Annual Conference of MAJECA/JAMECA” in Hilton Kuala Lumpur. He considered that the secret of the Japanese success and its remarkable development lies in its labor ethics, morale, and management capability. He felt a programmer enabling that young Malaysians to learn in Japan would contribute to the economic and social development of Malaysia. For this purpose, Malaysia decided to dispatch their students to Japan, to study not only academics and technical know-how but also to learn labor ethics and discipline of the Japanese people. This policy means the government will make research, specifying and selecting samples and byword of the best from Japan and Korean with adapting some of the applicable values into Malaysian needs.



Objective

The main objective of Look East Policy is

The First Industrial Master Plan (IMP)

Introduction

The first Industrial Master Plan (IMP), 1986-1995 has laid the foundation for the growth of the manufacturing sector. Such rapid growth of the manufacturing sector will have to be sustained in the next decade in order to attain the objective of becoming a fully developed industrialized nation by the year 2020. The first IMP (1986-1995) recommended the continuation of the export-led industrialization strategy. It also placed emphasis on the promotion of the resource-based industries in which Malaysia had already developed a strong foundation.



Objective

The main objective of the first IMP is to accelerate growth

Factors Influencing Entrepreneurship Development

In term of culture and history from the past, entrepreneurship was formed in many decades ago, especially during British colonial masters (Ariff & Abubakar, 2003). During that period, there was a rule economic activity set up by British for the multiracial community in Malaya. The rules required every single race runs the specific activities and this rule had made them became expert in certain area. For example, the Chinese community had run the business activity such mining and they lived in town area. Meanwhile, the Malay community did well in plantation activity and lived in the rural areas. Last but not least is Indian community who is normally worked as labors in estates and some of them worked as government servants.

When time goes on,